Isonto Lesibili lika-Agasti Ukuhlaziywa Kwemakethe Yezinto Ezilandelwayo (Ithusi, iManganese, iZinc, iFerrous, iSelenium, iCobalt, i-Iodine, njll.)

Ukuhlaziywa Kwemakethe Yezinto Zohlanga

Mina,Ukuhlaziywa kwezinsimbi ezingezona i-ferrous

Isonto nesonto: Inyanga nenyanga:

1）I-Zinc sulfate

Izinto zokusetshenziswa: I-Zinc hypooxide: Njengoba izindleko zezinto zokusetshenziswa eziphezulu kanye nezinhloso zokuthenga eziqinile ezivela ezimbonini ezingezansi, i-coefficient yokuthengiselana ihlale ifana neyangesonto eledlule, kanti ukuphakama kwangemva kweholide bekulokhu kuvuselelwa. ② Amanani e-sulfuric acid ahlala ezinzile ezweni lonke kuleli sonto. Umlotha wesoda: Amanani abe ezinzile kuleli sonto. ③ Ngasohlangothini olukhulu, i-Fed Daly ithe isikhathi sokunciphisa amanani siseduze futhi kunethuba elikhulu lokunciphisa amanani angaphezu kwamabili kulo nyaka. I-Goldman Sachs ilindele ukuthi i-Fed inciphise amazinga ngamaphuzu angama-25 ayisisekelo kathathu ilandelana kusukela ngoSepthemba futhi iphakamisa ukunciphisa amaphuzu angama-50 ayisisekelo uma izinga lokungasebenzi likhuphuka, okuphakamisa amanani ensimbi. Ngokuphathelene nezisekelo, iphethini yokuphakelwa okunamandla kanye nesidingo esibuthakathaka ayikashintshi, isici sokufuna esingaphandle kwesizini siyaqhubeka, futhi ukuthengwa okubalulekile okungezansi kuyabusa.

NgoMsombuluko, izinga lokusebenza kwabakhiqizi besampula ye-zinc sulfate yamanzi belingu-94%, likhuphuke ngo-11% kusukela ngesonto eledlule, kanti izinga lokusetshenziswa kwamandla belingu-73%, likhuphuke ngo-5% kusukela ngesonto eledlule. Ngokuphikisana nesizinda sama-oda amaningi avela kubakhiqizi abavamile, izingcaphuno zikhuphuke kuleli sonto uma kuqhathaniswa nesonto eledlule. Njengoba abakhiqizi abakhulu behlela ama-oda kuze kube sekuqaleni kukaSepthemba kanye nezindleko zezinto zokusetshenziswa zenkampani, akukacaci ukuthi amanani azokhuphuka kakhulu. Kuyelulekwa ukuthi kunqunywe izinhlelo zabo zokuthenga kusenesikhathi ngokusekelwe esimweni sabo sempahla.

Amanani e-zinc kulindeleke ukuthi aqale phakathi kwama-yuan angu-22,500 kuya ku-23,000 ngethani.

2）I-Manganese sulfate

Ngokuphathelene nezinto zokusetshenziswa: ① Amanani okusebenza kwamafektri e-alloy angaphansi komfula enyakatho naseningizimu azinzile. Amafektri amaningi e-alloy agcina ukuthenga okubalulekile futhi akukho mkhuba wokuqongelela okukhulu. Isidingo se-manganese ore sisazinzile futhi umqondo wokwehliswa kwentengo usakhona.

②Amanani e-sulfuric acid ahlale eqinile kuleli sonto.

Kuleli sonto, izinga lokusebenza kwabakhiqizi besampula be-manganese sulfate lalingu-86% kanti izinga lokusetshenziswa kwamandla lalingu-61%, lihlala liphansi uma liqhathaniswa nesonto eledlule. Izingcaphuno ezivela kubakhiqizi abajwayelekile zihlale zizinzile kuleli sonto uma ziqhathaniswa nesonto eledlule. Isizini ephezulu yokufuywa kwezinhlanzi eningizimu inikeze ukwesekwa okuthile kwesidingo se-manganese sulfate, kodwa ukukhushulwa kwesidingo sekuphelele bekulinganiselwe. Iqhutshwa ulwazi lokugcinwa oluvela kwabanye abakhiqizi kanye nezinguquko zakamuva ezimweni zokuthutha, uhlangothi lwesidingo lukhathazekile ngokulethwa okuqinile esikhathini esizayo, futhi intshiseko yokuthenga ikhulile. Isidingo kuleli sonto sizinzile uma siqhathaniswa nesonto elivamile.

Ukusekelwa kwezindleko zezinto zokusetshenziswa kwezilinganiso ze-manganese sulfate kunamandla kakhulu, futhi intengo iqinile. Kunconywa ukuthi uhlangothi lwesidingo luthenge futhi lugcine ngesikhathi esifanele ngokusekelwe esimweni sokukhiqiza.

3）I-ferrous sulfate

Ngokuphathelene nezinto zokusetshenziswa: Isidingo se-titanium dioxide esiphansi sihlala sincipha. Abanye abakhiqizi baqoqe izinqolobane ze-titanium dioxide, okuholele emazingeni aphansi okusebenza. Isimo sokutholakala okuncane kwe-ferrous sulfate eQishui siyaqhubeka.

Kuleli sonto, izinga lokusebenza kwabakhiqizi be-ferrous sulfate abangamasampula lalingu-75%, kanti izinga lokusetshenziswa kwamandla lalingu-24%, lihlala liphansi uma liqhathaniswa nesonto eledlule. Izingcaphuno kuleli sonto bezizinzile uma kuqhathaniswa nesonto eledlule. Ngokusekelwa kwezindleko kanye nama-oda amaningi, i-ferrous sulfate iqinile, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yentuthuko ehlobene yokuhlinzekwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa ezithintekile yizinga lokusebenza kwemboni ye-titanium dioxide. Muva nje, ukuthunyelwa kwe-heptahydrate ferrous sulfate kube kuhle, okuholele ekwandeni kwezindleko zabakhiqizi be-monohydrate ferrous sulfate. Njengamanje, izinga lokusebenza lilonke le-ferrous sulfate eShayina alilihle, futhi amabhizinisi anempahla encane kakhulu, okuletha izici ezinhle zokwenyuka kwentengo ye-ferrous sulfate. Njengamanje, ama-oda avela ezimbonini ezivamile ahlelelwe kuze kube maphakathi noSepthemba, futhi amanani kulindeleke ukuthi akhuphuke esikhathini esifushane. Kunconywa ukuthi amakhasimende andise impahla yawo ngokufanele.

4）I-sulfate yethusi/i-chloride yethusi eyisisekelo

Izinto zokusetshenziswa: Ezingeni le-macro, ukulindelwa okuthuthukisiwe kokwehliswa kwezinga le-Fed kukhuphule amanani ethusi. Kukhuliswe ukuvumelana okufinyelelwe phakathi kweShayina ne-US mayelana nokumiswa okuqhubekayo kwentela engu-24%, okwadlula ingcindezi evela ekunikezelweni okwandisiwe kanye nedola elinamandla.

Ngokuphathelene nezisekelo, kunephethini yokutholakala kanye nesidingo esibuthakathaka

Isixazululo sokusika: Abanye abakhiqizi bezinto zokusetshenziswa ezisezingeni eliphezulu banokucutshungulwa okujulile kwesisombululo sokusika, okwenza kube nzima nakakhulu ukushoda kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, futhi i-coefficient yokuthengiselana ihlala iphezulu.

Ngokuphathelene nentengo, kusenokungabaza ezingeni le-macro. Ngokuhambisana nokutholakala okubuthakathaka kanye nesidingo ezintweni eziyisisekelo, kulindeleke ukuthi intengo yethusi izosebenza phakathi kuka-78,500-79,500 yuan ngethani kuleli sonto. Abakhiqizi be-Copper sulfate basebenza ngo-100% kuleli sonto, kanti ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ku-45%, okuhlala kungashintshi uma kuqhathaniswa nesonto eledlule. Ngenxa yokushisa okuphezulu kwakamuva, abakhiqizi be-copper sulfate/caustic copper bebelokhu beqinile ngezinto zokusetshenziswa muva nje, futhi inani le-oda lihlale cishe cishe engxenyeni yenyanga. Ngokusekelwe ekuthambekeleni kwakamuva kwezinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nezimo zokusebenza zabakhiqizi, i-copper sulfate kulindeleke ukuthi ihlale ezingeni eliphezulu ngokushintshashintsha kwesikhathi esifushane. Kunconywa ukuthi amakhasimende agcine izinto ezijwayelekile.

5）I-magnesium oxide

Izinto zokusetshenziswa: I-magnesite yezinto zokusetshenziswa izinzile.

Ifektri isebenza kahle futhi ukukhiqizwa kuvamile. Isikhathi sokulethwa ngokuvamile siphakathi kwezinsuku ezi-3 kuya kweziyi-7. Amanani abelokhu eqinile kusukela ngo-Agasti kuya kuSepthemba. Njengoba ubusika busondela, kunezinqubomgomo ezindaweni ezinkulu zefektri ezivimbela ukusetshenziswa kwama-oven ekukhiqizeni i-magnesium oxide, kanye nezindleko zokusebenzisa amalahle kaphethiloli ziyanda ebusika. Uma kuhlanganiswa nalokhu okungenhla, kulindeleke ukuthi intengo ye-magnesium oxide ikhuphuke kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuya kuDisemba. Amakhasimende ayelulekwa ukuthi athenge ngokuya ngesidingo.

6）I-magnesium sulfate

Izinto zokusetshenziswa: Intengo ye-sulfuric acid enyakatho okwamanje iyanda esikhathini esifushane.

Izitshalo ze-magnesium sulfate zisebenza ngo-100%, ukukhiqizwa nokulethwa kuvamile, futhi ama-oda ahlelelwe kuze kube sekuqaleni kukaSepthemba. Intengo ye-magnesium sulfate kulindeleke ukuthi izinzile futhi ikhuphuke ngo-Agasti. Amakhasimende ayelulekwa ukuthi athenge ngokwezinhlelo zawo zokukhiqiza kanye nezidingo zempahla.

7）I-calcium iodide

Ngokuphathelene nezinto zokusetshenziswa: Njengamanje, imakethe ye-iodine yasekhaya isebenza kahle. Umthamo wokufika we-iodine ecociweyo evela eChile uzinzile, kanti ukukhiqizwa kwabakhiqizi be-iodide kuzinzile.

Kuleli sonto, izinga lokukhiqizwa kwabakhiqizi besampula ye-calcium iodate beliyi-100%, izinga lokusetshenziswa kwamandla lalingu-36%, elifana nelesonto eledlule, kanti izingcaphuno zabakhiqizi abavamile zahlala zizinzile. Ukushisa kwehlobo kwaholela ekwehleni kokudla kwezilwane, futhi abakhiqizi bathenga kakhulu uma kudingeka. Abakhiqizi bokudla kwasemanzini basesikhathini sokufunwa okuphezulu, okwenza isidingo se-calcium iodate sande. Isidingo saleli sonto sizinzile kakhulu kunokujwayelekile. Amakhasimende ayalulekwa ukuthi athenge ngokwezinhlelo zawo zokukhiqiza kanye nezidingo zempahla.

8）I-selenite ye-sodium

Ngokuphathelene nezinto zokusetshenziswa: Izinsiza ze-selenium engahluziwe zaba nzima ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi nasekuqaleni kuka-Agasti, zidlula kakhulu okulindelwe emakethe. Ukubuya kwentengo ye-selenium engahluziwe kubonisa ngokwengxenye ukubuyiselwa kwemakethe ye-selenium dioxide. Ukuthi isizini ephezulu esikhumulweni sezindiza izofika kusenesikhathi kusazobonakala, kodwa ukuzethemba kwemakethe kuqala ukuqina.

Kuleli sonto, abakhiqizi besampula be-sodium selenite babesebenza ngo-100%, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ku-36%, kuphansi uma kuqhathaniswa nesonto eledlule, futhi izingcaphuno ezivela kubakhiqizi abavamile zahlala zizinzile. Izindleko zezinto zokusetshenziswa ziqinise ukwesekwa, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi amanani akhuphuke kamuva. Kunconywa ukuthi uhlangothi lwesidingo luthenge ngokwempahla yalo.

9）I-Cobalt chloride

Ngokuphathelene nezinto zokusetshenziswa: Abancibilikisi abaphezulu ohlangothini lokuhlinzekwa basanda kukhulisa ijubane lokuthengwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwezidingo ezingezansi, kodwa banethemba ngekusasa lesikhathi eside, ngakho-ke isimo sengqondo sokuthunyelwa kwezinto sithule. Ngasohlangothini lokufunwa, umuzwa wokuthenga ongezansi ushintshile muva nje. Esikhathini esifushane, amanani e-cobalt chloride kulindeleke ukuthi ashintshe.

Kuleli sonto, izinga lokusebenza kwemboni yesampula ye-cobalt chloride beliyi-100%, kanti izinga lokusetshenziswa kwamandla beliyi-44%, lihlala liphansi uma liqhathaniswa nesonto eledlule. Izingcaphuno zabakhiqizi zihlale zizinzile kuleli sonto.

Amanani e-cobalt chloride azinzile. Amakhasimende ayalulekwa ukuthi athenge ngokusekelwe esitokweni.

10（Usawoti we-cobalt/i-potassium chloride/potassium carbonate/calcium formate/iodide

1. Izinto zokusetshenziswa zamabhizinisi amakhulu ziqinisekiswa ngama-oda esikhathi eside, izindleko ziqinisa amanani, ukuthengwa okuqinile okuphansi kuyabusa, ukuthengiselana kwama-oda awekho kuyacotha. Ukuhweba ngemakethe sekukonke kuyacotha, kanti abanye abakhiqizi bathembele kuma-oda esivumelwano ukuze balondoloze ukukhiqizwa. Amanani kasawoti we-cobalt kulindeleke ukuthi ahlale eqinile esikhathini esifushane.

2. Imakethe ye-potassium chloride yasekhaya iyaqhubeka nokuba ncane ekuhlinzekweni nasekuqineni kwentengo. Nakuba izinga lokusebenza kwezitshalo ze-potassium zasekhaya liphinde lakhuphuka, ukunikezwa kugeleza kakhulu ezimbonini zomanyolo ohlanganisiwe, futhi umthamo wokujikeleza kwemakethe uncane kakhulu. Umthamo we-potassium engenisiwe efika emachwebeni ulinganiselwe, izinqolobane zabahwebi ziphansi, izingcaphuno zendawo zikhuphuke kancane, kodwa amadili entengo ephezulu abuthakathaka. Isidingo esiphansi besiqaphile, imakethe yayisesimweni sokulinda nokubona, ukuhweba jikelele bekulula, futhi amanani ahlala ezingeni eliphezulu. Esikhathini esifushane, ukuphikisana phakathi kokunikezwa nesidingo kusalokhu, futhi imakethe kulindeleke ukuthi ihlale iqinile. Intengo ye-potassium carbonate inyusiwe kuleli sonto, ithintwe yintengo ye-potassium chloride yezinto zokusetshenziswa.

3. Intengo ye-calcium formate iqhubekile nokwenyuka kuleli sonto. Intengo ye-formic acid eluhlaza inyukile njengoba amafektri evaliwe ukuze kulungiswe. Ezinye izitshalo ze-calcium formate ziyekile ukwamukela ama-oda.

4. Amanani e-iodide abezinzile futhi eqinile kuleli sonto uma kuqhathaniswa nesonto eledlule.