Isonto Lesibili LikaSepthemba Izinto Ezilandelwayo Ukuhlaziywa Kwemakethe I-Zinc sulfate I-Zinc sulfate I-Zinc sulfate I-Copper sulfate/i-basic cuprous chloride I-Magnesium oxide I-Magnesium sulfate I-Calcium iodate I-Sodium selenite I-Cobalt chloride I-Cobalt salts/i-potassium chloride/i-potassium carbonate/i-calcium formate/iodide

Ukuhlaziywa Kwemakethe Yezinto Zokulandelela

Mina,Ukuhlaziywa kwezinsimbi ezingezona i-ferrous

Isonto nesonto: Inyanga nenyanga:

1）I-Zinc sulfate

① Izinto zokusetshenziswa: I-Zinc hypooxide: I-coefficient yokuthengiselana ihlala iphezulu. Imizwa yezomnotho jikelele emakethe ifudumele, ikhuphula amanani e-zinc kanye nezindleko ezikhulayo.

② Amanani e-sulfuric acid ahlale eqinile emazingeni aphezulu ezweni lonke kuleli sonto. Umlotha wesoda: Amanani abezinzile kuleli sonto. ③ Abathengi abaphansi bathenga ngamanani aphansi kuphela, ngokwamukelwa okubi kwe-zinc ebiza kakhulu kanye nokuntuleka kokusekelwa kwabathengi. Umuzwa wokungaguquki emakethe ye-zinc yaseShanghai usalokhu unzima. Amathuba amancane okwehla okukhulu kwe-zinc esikhathini esifushane kuya kwesesikhathini esiphakathi.

Amanani e-zinc kulindeleke ukuthi aqale phakathi kwama-yuan angu-22,000 kuya ku-22,500 ngethani ngesonto elizayo.

NgoMsombuluko, izinga lokusebenza kwabakhiqizi be-zinc sulfate yamanzi belingu-89%, likhuphuke ngo-6% kusukela ngesonto eledlule; Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla bekungu-69%, likhuphuke ngo-1% kusukela ngesonto eledlule. Isidingo sokuthumela kwamanye amazwe sikhuphuke ngamazinga ahlukahlukene. I-zinc monohydrate kulindeleke ukuthi ikhuphuke kancane noma ihlale izinzile ezingeni eliphezulu phakathi kwezindleko zezinto zokusetshenziswa zenkampani kanye nesidingo esibuyayo kuzo zonke izimboni.

Ukuqina kokulethwa kulindeleke ukuthi kunciphe esikhathini esifushane, kodwa kuzokhula njengoba ama-oda alandelayo eqala ukulethwa.

Kunconywa ukuthi abantu abafuna izinto ngenkani bathenge kusenesikhathi ngokusekelwe ezinqolobaneni zabo bese begcina impahla yabo ngendlela efanele.

2）I-Manganese sulfate

Ngokuphathelene nezinto zokusetshenziswa: ① Imakethe ye-manganese ore yayizinzile futhi isesimweni sokulinda nokubona ekuqaleni kwesonto. NgoLwesihlanu olwedlule, imakethe ye-silicon-manganese, eqhutshwa amalahle okupheka, ilandele umkhakha we-black series ukuze iyeke ukuwa futhi ilulame. Imibuzo yechweba yaba matasa kakhulu, izingcaphuno zabahwebi zahlala ziqinile, futhi ukuzimisela ukuthengisa ngamanani aphansi kwehla ngaphambilini. Ukwanda kwezingcaphuno zakwamanye amazwe kanye nokuqala komjikelezo omusha wokuphinda kufakwe kabusha efektri ngeholide loSuku Lukazwelonke kuphakamise amathemba okuthuthuka kwesikhashana emakethe ye-manganese ore, okwenza kube nzima ngamachweba ukuthenga ngamanani aphansi. Kodwa-ke, izisekelo zama-alloy azikathuthuki kakhulu kuze kube manje, futhi izinga lokusebenza eliphakeme lifake ingcindezi enkulu embi emakethe. Intengo ye-manganese ore ayinayo ukwesekwa, futhi isikhala sesikhathi esifushane sokukhuphuka nokwehla sincane kakhulu. Amanani ahlale eqinile okwamanje.

②Intengo ye-sulfuric acid ihlale izinzile ezingeni eliphezulu.

Kuleli sonto, izinga lokusebenza kwabakhiqizi be-manganese sulfate belingu-81%, lingashintshile kunesonto eledlule; Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla bekungamaphesenti angu-52, kukhuphuke ngamaphesenti ayi-10 kunesonto eledlule. Amanani abakhiqizi abavamile akhuphuke kuleli sonto ngenxa yezindleko eziphezulu zezinto zokusetshenziswa, okungashiyi ndawo yokuxoxisana.

Izimboni eziningi ziqalise kabusha ukukhiqiza, ama-oda amaningi, futhi ukungezwani kokulethwa akukathuthuki kakhulu. Isizini yesidingo esiphezulu e-Australia naseMelika Ephakathi isondela, futhi ukwesekwa kwama-oda kusesekhona. Ezinye izinhlangothi zesidingo ziqeda izinto ezikhona ngaphambilini, futhi ukuthunyelwa kwezimpahla kuyehla. Ukulethwa kwezimpahla ngobuningi kulindeleke ekupheleni kukaSepthemba.

Amakhasimende okuthumela impahla ayalulekwa ukuthi acabangele isikhathi sokuthumela impahla futhi athenge impahla kusengaphambili.

3）I-ferrous sulfate

Ngokuphathelene nezinto zokusetshenziswa: Isidingo se-titanium dioxide esiphansi sihlala sincipha. Abanye abakhiqizi baqoqe izinqolobane ze-titanium dioxide, okuholele emazingeni aphansi okusebenza. Isimo sokutholakala okuncane kwe-ferrous sulfate eQishui siyaqhubeka.

Kuleli sonto, izinga lokusebenza kwabakhiqizi be-ferrous sulfate lalingu-75%, izinga lokusetshenziswa kwamandla lalingu-24%, elingashintshile kusukela ngesonto eledlule, futhi ama-oda abakhiqizi ahlelelwe kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Okthoba. Abakhiqizi abakhulu kulindeleke ukuthi banciphise ukukhiqizwa, futhi izingcaphuno kuleli sonto zikhuphukile uma kuqhathaniswa nesonto eledlule. Ukuhlinzekwa kwe-ferrous heptahydrate yomkhiqizo ongaphansi kunciphile, izindleko zezinto zokusetshenziswa zisekelwa kakhulu, abakhiqizi banokuthunyelwa okunciphile, futhi akukho ndawo yokuxoxisana okwamanje. Intengo iqinile ezingeni eliphezulu futhi inamandla aphezulu. Kuphakanyiswa ukuthi ukuthengwa kwempahla eceleni kanye nokugcina impahla kuhlanganiswe nempahla.

4）I-sulfate yethusi/i-chloride yethusi eyisisekelo

Ngokuphathelene nezinto zokusetshenziswa: Ezingeni elikhulu, ukwehla kwedola kuholele ekutheni kube namandla okuthenga aqinile ezinsimbi ezibiza ngedola, kanti izingxoxo phakathi kwe-US ne-Europe mayelana nomjikelezo omusha wezijeziso ezibhekiswe eRussia zithinte iphethini yokuhweba yomhlaba wonke. Ukungathandi ubungozi bemakethe akuyeki, futhi izimpawu ezahlukahlukene zibonisa ukuthi ukwehla kwezinga lenzalo le-Fed sekuseduze. Ngokuphathelene nezisekelo, ukuhlinzekwa okuvela emkhakheni wezimayini kusalokhu kuqinile, imayini yethusi yasePanama isizongena esigabeni sokuhlolwa kwemvelo, futhi isizini yokusetshenziswa kwasekhaya "kaSepthemba neSiliva Okthoba" kulindeleke ukuthi ibuye. Kubikezelwa ukuthi amanani ethusi azohlala ezingeni eliphezulu ngokuguquguquka okukhulu esikhathini esifushane. Uhla lwezinkomba zohlu oluyinhloko lokusebenza kwethusi laseShanghai: 79,000-80,000 yuan ngethani

Isixazululo sokusika: Abanye abakhiqizi bezinto zokusetshenziswa ezisezingeni eliphezulu basheshise ukushintshwa kwemali ngokucubungula ngokujulile isixazululo sokusika sibe yi-sponge copper noma i-copper hydroxide. Isilinganiso sokuthengiswa embonini ye-copper sulfate sehlile, futhi i-transaction coefficient isifinyelele phezulu okusha. Amanani e-copper aphelele cishe azokhuphuka ngokumelene nesimo sokufudumala kwemizwa ye-macro, okukhuphula izindleko zezinto zokusetshenziswa futhi.

Ngokuphathelene nentengo, uhla oluyinhloko lokusebenza kwethusi laseShanghai kulindeleke ukuthi lushintshe kancane lube yi-yuan engu-79,000-80,000 ngethani.

Kuleli sonto, izinga lokusebenza kwabakhiqizi be-copper sulfate beliyi-100% kanti izinga lokusetshenziswa kwamandla beliyi-45%, lihlala liphansi uma liqhathaniswa nesonto eledlule. Ngokusekelwe ekuthambekeni kwezinto zokusetshenziswa zakamuva kanye nokuhlaziywa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, intengo ephezulu yenethiwekhi yethusi, kanye nobunzima bokuthenga isisombululo sokusika, kulindeleke ukuthi inyuse intengo ye-copper sulfate. Amakhasimende ayelulekwa ukuthi agcine intengo ephansi yakamuva ngokusekelwe ezintweni zawo zokusetshenziswa.

5）I-magnesium oxide

Izinto zokusetshenziswa: I-magnesite yezinto zokusetshenziswa izinzile.

Ifektri isebenza kahle futhi ukukhiqizwa kuvamile. Isikhathi sokulethwa ngokuvamile siphakathi kwezinsuku ezi-3 kuya kweziyi-7. Amanani abelokhu eqinile kusukela ngo-Agasti kuya kuSepthemba. Njengoba ubusika busondela, kunezinqubomgomo ezindaweni ezinkulu zefektri ezivimbela ukusetshenziswa kwama-oven ekukhiqizeni i-magnesium oxide, kanye nezindleko zokusebenzisa amalahle kaphethiloli ziyanda ebusika. Uma kuhlanganiswa nalokhu okungenhla, kulindeleke ukuthi intengo ye-magnesium oxide ikhuphuke kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuya kuDisemba. Amakhasimende ayelulekwa ukuthi athenge ngokuya ngesidingo.

6）I-magnesium sulfate

Ngokuphathelene nezinto zokusetshenziswa: Njengamanje, intengo ye-sulfuric acid enyakatho iyanda esikhathini esifushane.

Njengamanje, izitshalo ze-magnesium sulfate zisebenza ngo-100% futhi ukukhiqizwa nokulethwa kuvamile. Njengoba kusondela uSepthemba, intengo ye-sulfuric acid izinzile okwesikhashana futhi ukwenyuka okwengeziwe akunakususwa. Amakhasimende ayelulekwa ukuthi athenge ngokwezinhlelo zawo zokukhiqiza kanye nezidingo zempahla.

7）I-calcium iodide

Izinto zokusetshenziswa: Imakethe ye-iodine yasekhaya izinzile njengamanje, ukunikezwa kwe-iodine ehlanjululwe evela eChile kuzinzile, kanti ukukhiqizwa kwabakhiqizi be-iodide kuzinzile.

Kuleli sonto, izinga lokukhiqizwa kwabakhiqizi besampula ye-calcium iodate beliyi-100%, izinga lokusetshenziswa kwamandla beliyi-36%, elifana nelesonto eledlule, futhi izingcaphuno zabakhiqizi abavamile zahlala zizinzile.

Abanye abakhiqizi banezinhlelo zokunciphisa ukukhiqizwa, ukunikezwa kwemikhiqizo kuncane, futhi amanani kulindeleke ukuthi akhuphuke kancane.

Amakhasimende ayelulekwa ukuthi athenge ngokwezinhlelo zawo zokukhiqiza kanye nezidingo zesitoko.

8）I-selenite ye-sodium

Ngokuphathelene nezinto zokusetshenziswa: Azikho izinguquko ezibalulekile kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zokuhlinzekwa kanye nesidingo emakethe ye-selenium dioxide. Isidingo esingezansi saqhubeka sihamba kancane. Abanikazi babenesifiso esinamandla sokubamba amanani, kodwa ukuthengiselana kwangempela kwakulinganiselwe.

Kuleli sonto, abakhiqizi besampula be-sodium selenite bebesebenza ku-100%, kanti ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ku-36%, okuhlala kuqinile uma kuqhathaniswa nesonto eledlule. Izingcaphuno zabakhiqizi zihlale zizinzile kuleli sonto. Amanani ezinto ezingavuthiwe azinzile, ukuhlinzekwa kanye nesidingo kuyalingana, futhi amanani kulindeleke ukuthi ahlale ezinzile.

Kunconywa ukuthi amakhasimende athenge njengoba kudingeka ngokusekelwe esitokweni sawo.

9）I-Cobalt chloride

Ngokuphathelene nezinto zokusetshenziswa: Abancibilikisi bezinto ezisetshenziswayo bavame ukukholelwa ukuthi ukunikezwa kuzohlala kuncane engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka, benomuzwa onamandla wokungafuni ukuthengisa, okwenza izingcaphuno ziqhubeke nokwenyuka. Kusukela ngo-Agasti, ukubuyiselwa kwesidingo sokugcina kuye kwabangela ukuthengwa kwe-cobalt oxide, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi izingcaphuno ze-cobalt chloride zikhuphuke.

Kuleli sonto, izinga lokusebenza labakhiqizi be-cobalt chloride beliyi-100% kanti izinga lokusetshenziswa kwamandla beliyi-44%, lihlala liphansi uma liqhathaniswa nesonto eledlule. Izingcaphuno zabakhiqizi zihlale zizinzile kuleli sonto. Intengo yezinto zokusetshenziswa ze-cobalt chloride kulindeleke ukuthi ikhuphuke kancane ngenxa yokwenyuka kwamanani ezinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nokusekelwa kwezindleko okuqinisiwe. Kunconywa ukuthi izinhlelo zokuthenga kanye nokugcina impahla ezihambisana nesidingo zenziwe ezinsukwini eziyisikhombisa kusengaphambili kuhlanganiswe nempahla ethengiswayo.

10（Usawoti we-cobalt/i-potassium chloride/potassium carbonate/calcium formate/iodide

1. Usawoti we-cobalt: Izindleko zezinto zokwakha: Ukuvinjelwa kokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwe-Congo (DRC) kuyaqhubeka, amanani aphakathi kwe-cobalt ayaqhubeka nokukhuphuka, futhi izingcindezi zezindleko zidluliselwa ngezansi.

Isimo sempahla: Impahla yezitshalo zikasawoti we-cobalt zasekhaya iphansi kakhulu. Amanye amabhizinisi anciphise umkhiqizo ngenxa yokushoda kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, okusekela kakhulu amanani. Imakethe kasawoti we-cobalt kulindeleke ukuthi ikhuphuke kancane kancane esikhathini esifushane, isekelwa yizindleko zezinto zokusetshenziswa, kodwa isivinini sokululama ohlangothini lokufunwa sidinga ukuqashelwa eduze.

2. Akukho ushintsho oluphawulekayo entengo iyonke ye-potassium chloride. Imakethe ibonise ukuthambekela kokuhlinzeka kanye nesidingo esibuthakathaka. Ukunikezwa kwemithombo yemakethe kwahlala kuqinile, kodwa ukwesekwa kwesidingo okuvela ezimbonini ezingezansi kwakulinganiselwe. Kube nokushintshashintsha okuncane kwamanye amanani aphezulu, kodwa izinga lalingekho likhulu. Amanani ahlala eqinile ezingeni eliphezulu. Intengo ye-potassium carbonate iyashintshashintsha neye-potassium chloride.

3. Amanani e-calcium formate ahlale eqinile emazingeni aphezulu kuleli sonto. Intengo ye-formic acid eluhlaza inyukile njengoba amafektri evaliwe ukuze kulungiswe. Ezinye izitshalo ze-calcium formate ziyekile ukwamukela ama-oda.

4. Amanani e-iodide ahlale eqinile kuleli sonto uma kuqhathaniswa nesonto eledlule.